Manufacturers at China’s biggest trade show remain cautious on the outlook for the domestic and global economy and say they are unlikely to increase employment significantly, despite some indicators pointing to a rebound in this crucial sector.
在中國(guó)最大的貿(mào)易展會(huì)上，參展制造商對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)和國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)前景仍持謹(jǐn)慎態(tài)度，并表示不大可能大舉增加人手，盡管有些指標(biāo)顯示這一關(guān)鍵行業(yè)已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了反彈。
Output growth in the manufacturing and construction sector rose from 6.1 per cent in the last quarter of 2016 to 6.4 per cent in the first quarter of this year, helping the Chinese economy expand at a slightly faster pace than expected, according to government data released on Monday.
根據(jù)周一發(fā)布的政府?dāng)?shù)據(jù)，制造及建筑等行業(yè)的產(chǎn)出增長(zhǎng)率從2016年第四季度的6.1%升至今年第一季度的6.4%，幫助中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)了略高于預(yù)期的增速。
Last month’s purchasing managers’ index suggested March was the first month since 2012 in which Chinese factories had not shed jobs.
3月份的制造業(yè)采購(gòu)經(jīng)理人指數(shù)(PMI)顯示，工廠用工量自2012年以來(lái)首次停止減少。
But factory managers at the semi-annual Canton Fair in Guangzhou, which is expected to attract 20,000 manufacturers and 200,000 buyers from around the world, said they were still concerned about the patchy nature of the global economy as well as domestic overcapacity, despite stronger growth in sectors such as smartphones and government-linked infrastructure.
但在每半年一次的廣交會(huì)(Canton Fair)上，參展的工廠經(jīng)理們表示，他們?nèi)詫?duì)全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的不均衡特征以及國(guó)內(nèi)產(chǎn)能過(guò)剩感到擔(dān)心，盡管智能手機(jī)、與政府相關(guān)的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施等行業(yè)出現(xiàn)了更強(qiáng)勁的增長(zhǎng)。本屆廣交會(huì)估計(jì)吸引了來(lái)自世界各地的2萬(wàn)家制造商和20萬(wàn)家采購(gòu)商。
“The market for electric scooters is saturated and there are still too many producers so overcapacity is a problem,” said Frank Wang, a sales manager for Aima, one of the biggest makers of the electric scooters ubiquitous in China’s cities. “There is pressure on pricing and market share.”
“目前電動(dòng)車市場(chǎng)已經(jīng)飽和，生產(chǎn)商還是太多，所以產(chǎn)能過(guò)剩是一個(gè)問(wèn)題，”中國(guó)最大的電動(dòng)車制造商之一愛(ài)瑪(Aima)的銷售經(jīng)理Frank Wang說(shuō)，“產(chǎn)品定價(jià)和市場(chǎng)份額方面都有壓力。”電動(dòng)車在中國(guó)的城市里無(wú)處不在。
He said Aima, which produces 4m scooters a year, is cutting back on capital expenditure as it tries to mitigate flat sales growth.
他說(shuō)，每年生產(chǎn)400萬(wàn)臺(tái)電動(dòng)車的愛(ài)瑪正在削減資本支出，試圖緩解銷售增長(zhǎng)乏力的影響。
“We’re not laying off workers but salary growth is not as fast as in the past and many factories in Wuxi [in Jiangsu province] are facing the same situation,” he said.
“我們目前沒(méi)有裁員，但工資增長(zhǎng)沒(méi)有以前那么快了，無(wú)錫的許多工廠也面臨著相同處境，”他說(shuō)。
Nanfu, China’s biggest producer of alkaline batteries, is also in consolidation mode.
中國(guó)最大的堿性電池生產(chǎn)商南孚(Nanfu)也進(jìn)入了整合模式。
“Our long-term focus is on product development and marketing,” said Russel Kong, international business director of the company, which was previous owned by US consumer goods group Procter & Gamble. “I don’t think we will expand capacity significantly.”
“長(zhǎng)期而言，我們注重產(chǎn)品開(kāi)發(fā)和市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷，”南孚國(guó)際業(yè)務(wù)總監(jiān)Russel Kong說(shuō)，“我認(rèn)為，我們不會(huì)大幅擴(kuò)大產(chǎn)能�！蹦湘谥半`屬美國(guó)消費(fèi)品集團(tuán)寶潔(P&G)旗下。
Mr Kong is expecting moderate sales growth of about 5 per cent this year, similar to last year, and with China’s years of rapid expansion now in the past, Fujian-based Nanfu is trying to expand its global business.
Russel Kong預(yù)期今年銷售將溫和增長(zhǎng)約5%，與去年相當(dāng)。由于中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)快速增長(zhǎng)已成過(guò)去時(shí)，總部設(shè)在福建省的南孚正在努力拓展全球業(yè)務(wù)。
“The international market is a big cake and we want to take a small piece,” he said. “By competing with Duracell, Energizer and others, it forces us to get to the same level as them in terms of quality.”
“國(guó)際市場(chǎng)是個(gè)大蛋糕，我們想從中切一小塊，”他說(shuō)，“要與金霸王(Duracell)、勁量(Energizer)等競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，我們?cè)谫|(zhì)量方面就得與它們旗鼓相當(dāng)�！�
While few factories are planning big increases in their workforce, some manufacturers, such as those making advanced electronic goods or supplying government infrastructure projects, are seeing stronger sales growth and boosting capacity.
雖然沒(méi)有多少工廠計(jì)劃大量增加人手，但一些制造商，比如制造先進(jìn)電子產(chǎn)品或承建政府基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施項(xiàng)目的公司，銷售增長(zhǎng)更為強(qiáng)勁，產(chǎn)能也有所提升。
Panda, which makes smart TVs and smartphones, says business is booming as consumers in China and key export markets such as Southeast Asia and India upgrade to bigger and better screens.
智能電視和智能手機(jī)生產(chǎn)商熊貓(Panda)表示，隨著中國(guó)及其主要出口市場(chǎng)東南亞、印度等地的消費(fèi)者升級(jí)換代、購(gòu)買屏幕更大更好的產(chǎn)品，其業(yè)務(wù)正在蓬勃發(fā)展。
“We’re expanding production by 20 per cent this year to meet growing demand,” said Liu Quan, a deputy general manager at the Nanjing-based company.
這家總部在南京的公司的一位管理者說(shuō)：“今年我們會(huì)把產(chǎn)量提高20%，以滿足增長(zhǎng)的需求�！�
But with factory wages in China having risen rapidly over the past decade, the company is reluctant to expand its workforce significantly, preferring to expand production through the increased use of industrial robots.
但由于中國(guó)制造業(yè)工資在過(guò)去十年迅速上升，該公司不愿意大量增加員工數(shù)量，更傾向于通過(guò)更多使用工業(yè)機(jī)器人來(lái)擴(kuò)大產(chǎn)量。
It is a similar story for Huyu, which makes transformers and other electrical products for the national grid and other customers.
環(huán)宇集團(tuán)(Huyu)的情況與熊貓類似。該公司為國(guó)家電網(wǎng)以及其他客戶提供變壓器和其他電氣產(chǎn)品。
Austin Zhao, a director of the Zhejiang-based company, said business is good because of the government drive to upgrade the electricity network, part of a bigger push to promote growth through infrastructure.
這家浙江公司的一位總監(jiān)Austin Zhao表示，由于政府在推進(jìn)電網(wǎng)升級(jí)，公司業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展良好。電網(wǎng)升級(jí)是政府通過(guò)基建促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的計(jì)劃的一部分。
But Huyu will not be taking on many more workers.
但環(huán)宇不打算招收更多工人。
“We’re expanding our capacity but the impact on labour will be minimal because of more automation,” he said.
“我們正在擴(kuò)大產(chǎn)能，但由于自動(dòng)化程度提高了，勞動(dòng)力總數(shù)所受的影響將是微乎其微的，”Austin Zhao說(shuō)。
