國務(wù)院新聞辦公室24日發(fā)布《關(guān)于中美經(jīng)貿(mào)摩擦的事實與中方立場》白皮書，旨在澄清中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系事實，闡明中國對中美經(jīng)貿(mào)摩擦的政策立場，推動問題合理解決。

China published a white paper on Monday to clarify the facts about China-US economic and trade relations, demonstrate its stance on trade friction with the United States, and pursue reasonable solutions.

白皮書全文約3.6萬字，除前言外，共包括六個部分，分別是中美經(jīng)貿(mào)合作互利共贏、中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系的事實、美國政府的貿(mào)易保護主義行為、美國政府的貿(mào)易霸凌主義行為、美國政府不當(dāng)做法對世界經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的危害、中國的立場。

Excluding the foreword, the 36,000-Chinese-character white paper is comprised of six parts, which are mutually-beneficial and win-win China-US cooperation in the trade and economic field, clarification of the facts about China-US trade and economic relations, the trade protectionist practices of the US administration, the trade bullyism practices of the US administration, damage of the improper practices of the US administration to global economy, and China's position.

白皮書說，中國是世界上最大的發(fā)展中國家，美國是世界上最大的發(fā)達(dá)國家。中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系既對兩國意義重大，也對全球經(jīng)濟穩(wěn)定和發(fā)展有著舉足輕重的影響。

China is the world's biggest developing country and the United States is the biggest developed country, said the white paper. "Trade and economic relations between China and the United States are of great significance for the two countries as well as for the stability and development of the world economy."

白皮書指出，中美兩國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展階段、經(jīng)濟制度不同，存在經(jīng)貿(mào)摩擦是正常的，關(guān)鍵是如何增進互信、促進合作、管控分歧。

The white paper said the two countries are at different stages of development and have different economic systems, and therefore some level of trade friction is only natural. "The key, however, lies in how to enhance mutual trust, promote cooperation, and manage differences."

長期以來，兩國政府本著平等、理性、相向而行的原則，先后建立了中美商貿(mào)聯(lián)委會、戰(zhàn)略經(jīng)濟對話、戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟對話、全面經(jīng)濟對話等溝通協(xié)調(diào)機制，雙方為此付出了不懈努力，保障了中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系在近40年時間里克服各種障礙，不斷向前發(fā)展，成為中美關(guān)系的壓艙石和推進器。

In the spirit of equality, rationality, and moving to meet each other halfway, the two countries have set up a number of communication and coordination mechanisms such as the Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade, the Strategic and Economic Dialogue, and the Comprehensive Economic Dialogue, the white paper said. Each has made tremendous efforts over the past 40 years to overcome all kinds of obstacles and move economic and trade relations forward, which has served as the ballast and propeller of the overall bilateral relationship, according to the white paper.

白皮書說，2017年新一屆美國政府上任以來，在“美國優(yōu)先”的口號下，拋棄相互尊重、平等協(xié)商等國際交往基本準(zhǔn)則，實行單邊主義、保護主義和經(jīng)濟霸權(quán)主義，對許多國家和地區(qū)特別是中國作出一系列不實指責(zé)，利用不斷加征關(guān)稅等手段進行經(jīng)濟恫嚇，試圖采取極限施壓方法將自身利益訴求強加于中國。

However, the new administration of the US government has trumpeted "America First" since taking office in 2017, and has abandoned the fundamental norms of mutual respect and equal consultation that guide international relations, said the white paper. "Rather, it has brazenly preached unilateralism, protectionism and economic hegemony, making false accusations against many countries and regions, particularly China, intimidating other countries through economic measures such as imposing tariffs, and attempting to impose its own interests on China through extreme pressure," according to the white paper.

白皮書說，面對這種局面，中國從維護兩國共同利益和世界貿(mào)易秩序大局出發(fā)，堅持通過對話協(xié)商解決爭議的基本原則，以最大的耐心和誠意回應(yīng)美國關(guān)切，以求同存異的態(tài)度妥善處理分歧，克服各種困難，同美國開展多輪對話磋商，提出務(wù)實解決方案，為穩(wěn)定雙邊經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系作出了艱苦努力。

The white paper stressed China has responded from the perspective of the common interests of both parties as well as the world trade order, observing the principle of resolving disputes through dialogue and consultation, and answering the US concerns with the greatest level of patience and good faith. The Chinese side has been dealing with these differences with an attitude of seeking common ground while shelving divergence, the white paper said. "It has overcome many difficulties and made enormous efforts to stabilize China-US economic and trade relations by holding rounds of discussions with the US side and proposing practical solutions." 

然而，美國出爾反爾、不斷發(fā)難，導(dǎo)致中美經(jīng)貿(mào)摩擦在短時間內(nèi)持續(xù)升級，使兩國政府和人民多年努力培養(yǎng)起來的中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系受到極大損害，也使多邊貿(mào)易體制和自由貿(mào)易原則遭遇嚴(yán)重威脅。為澄清中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系事實，闡明中國對中美經(jīng)貿(mào)摩擦的政策立場，推動問題合理解決，中國政府特發(fā)布此白皮書。

However, the US side has been contradicting itself and constantly challenging China, the white paper said. "As a result, trade and economic friction between the two sides has escalated quickly over a short period of time, causing serious damage to the economic and trade relations which have developed over the years through the collective work of the two governments and the two peoples, and posing a grave threat to the multilateral trading system and the principle of free trade." The Chinese government published the white paper to clarify the facts about China-US economic and trade relations, demonstrate China's stance on trade friction with the United States, and pursue reasonable solutions.

白皮書指出，中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系事關(guān)兩國人民福祉，也關(guān)乎世界和平、繁榮、穩(wěn)定。對中美兩國來說，合作是唯一正確的選擇，共贏才能通向更好的未來。中國的立場是明確的、一貫的、堅定的。