每一個(gè)人,作為社會(huì)的一個(gè)成員,有權(quán)享受其人格和尊嚴(yán)的自由發(fā)展所必需的社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化權(quán)利,這些權(quán)利是通過(guò)國(guó)家努力和國(guó)際合作來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的,并且與所在國(guó)家的組織、資源、現(xiàn)狀相一致。
對(duì)于這種比較復(fù)雜的中文句子,在正式翻譯成英文句子之前,應(yīng)當(dāng)按照它的含義,將它劃分成不同的部分,以便我們確定英文句子的結(jié)構(gòu)。我首先將這個(gè)中文句子劃分成6個(gè)部分,請(qǐng)?zhí)貏e注意,第4部分嵌套在第3部分中間。
①每一個(gè)人,②作為社會(huì)的一個(gè)成員,③有權(quán)享受 [④其人格和尊嚴(yán)的自由發(fā)展所必需的] 社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化權(quán)利,⑤這些權(quán)利是通過(guò)國(guó)家努力和國(guó)際合作來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的,⑥并且與所在國(guó)家的組織、資源、現(xiàn)狀相一致。
這樣劃分之后,我初步?jīng)Q定,將第4、5、6部分翻譯成三個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,用來(lái)修飾第3部分的最后一個(gè)單詞rights,請(qǐng)看:
①Everyone
②as a member of society
③is entitled to the social, economic and cultural rights
④which are necessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignity
⑤which are realized through national effort and international cooperation
⑥which are concordant with the organization, resources and situation of each country.
不過(guò),在英語(yǔ)中,通常是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句修飾一個(gè)名詞,很少有三個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句修飾一個(gè)名詞,因此我臨時(shí)決定,將第4部分改寫(xiě)成一個(gè)短語(yǔ),將第5、6部分合并成一個(gè)定語(yǔ)句子,請(qǐng)看:
①Everyone
②as a member of society
③is entitled to the social, economic and cultural rights
④necessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignity
⑤which are realized through national effort and international cooperation and concordant withthe organization, resources and situation of each country.
最后,將這5個(gè)部分組合起來(lái),就是這個(gè)中文句子的英文譯文。
Everyone, as a member of society, is entitled to the social, economic and cultural rightsnecessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignity, which arerealized through national effort and international cooperation and concordant with theorganization, resources and situation of each country.
另外,LT論壇的ptbptb網(wǎng)友另提供的一個(gè)版本如下:
Everyone, as a